Abstract: Abstract: Cosmology became a science (as opposed to pure speculation) only around 1920, when a new generation of giant telescopes opened up the cosmos, and Einstein's general relativity was able to supply the necessary theory. In the last twenty years new instruments led to a new spurt of progress, and some old questions have been answered. For example, our expansion seems to be accelerating and our geometry flat. Thus our universe seems to be destined for an ultimate cold death, and a finite universe, curved back on itself like the surface of a sphere, seems ruled out. The large-scale distribution of galaxies is far more "messy" than had previously been thought. Einstein's lambda term has made a come-back. Dark matter and dark energy are open puzzles. Inflation theory has made people think. And the Anthropic Principle has emerged as a fascinating and optimistic hypothesis.